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Washington Times, 10-October-1940 |
75 years ago today, on 03-January-1946, William Joyce, who made English-language propaganda broadcasts for the Nazis, was hanged for treason in a British prison. I am usually opposed to the death penalty, but William Joyce may have earned his execution. Joyce was born in America, but he wound up in England, where he joined Oswald Mosely's British Union of Fascists. He buggered off to Germany just before the war started. Joyce made propaganda broadcasts that tried to damage British morale. According to contemporary accounts, most people laughed at him. John Amery also did propaganda broadcasts for the Germans and persuaded the Waffen-SS to accept the British Free Corps. Lord Haw Haw Confesses 'High Treason'
William Joyce, New York-Born Englishman, Broadcasts
For Nazis Daily to Undermine British Morale
By PRESTON GROVER,
Associated Press Foreign Correspondent.
BERLIN -- I have met Lord Haw Haw.
He is that almost fabulous Englishman -- born in the United States
-- who by his own assertion perpetrates "high treason" daily against
England by broadcasting from German stations with intent to disturb
British self-assurance.
He is blond, ruddy-faced, short William Joyce, former British
fascist Mosleyite who was a prime mover for national socialism in
England until August, 1939. Then, as it became evident war was about
to break out, he and his wife hastily packed a few bags and dashed away
to Germany. They had become "sold" on Nazi-ism and on Hitler
as its world exponent.
Now several times of an evening Lord Haw Haw reports the war in
15-minute broadcasts, always directed to English listeners. He
ribs British patriotism, sardonically ridicules British claims of victories.
He urges the inevitability of Nazi victory with a half cajoling, half
ironic voice as British as Trafalgar Square.
His "Title" Is British.
Quickly his programs attracted a tremendous audience in England.
English papers and magazines carried stories about him. Who was
he? If he were German, how could he have acquired that unburred
English accent? The British dubbed him Lord Haw Haw.
Even in Germany few people know him. He broadcasts only on
short-wave bands. Germans rarely have short-wave receivers and
are forbidden to listen to foreign broadcasts. Foreign correspondents,
allowed to tune in on foreign broadcasts, listen to him regularly, but
few ever have seen him.
We met quite by accident, of all hours. 3:30 a m. in the half-darkened
hallway of the German Propaganda Ministry. The foreign press
had been invited to tour the city to see the effects of a British bomb
raid. Joyce was going along, too.
"That's Lord Haw Haw." whispered one of the party to me. In no
time we were talking. He is decidedly short, perhaps 5 feet 4 inches, and
tightly knit physically.
Voice Unmistakable.
His voice was unmistakable. On the air he uses no name whatever.
In Germany he has adopted his German name of Froelich.
He grinned when I suggested he was far better known in England
than in Germany.
"I suppose so." he said, then added with that touch of drollery
that seems to have tickled the English:
"Not so many listen now. The German bombers are keeping them
in the cellar all the time."
He was casual and friendly. From time to time he strolled over
to my side to help me understand the flood of German that periodically
drowned my limited vocabulary.
A day or so later he sent me a book in English he has just published in
Germany, Called "Twilight Over England." it tells his
views of why England has come to such a pass.
"I was born in New York in 1906," Joyce wrote. "My father’s people
had lived in Ireland since the Norman conquest. From my mother I
inherited English, Irish and Scottish blood. * * *
"I went to school in Ireland. * * *
From my earliest days I was taught to love England and her empire.
Patriotism was the highest virtue that I knew."
Joined British Fascists.
Joyce joined the British Fascists in 1923. when he was about 17. He
saw a "certain amount of street and hall fighting’’ against the Communists,
"of which I shall carry the marks so long as I live." He has a
scar across his right cheek.
In 1933 Joyce joined Mosley's new "British Union of Fascists." and
instilled in it, he said, a definite anti-Jewish policy.
"To anybody who could see, in the years 1934 and 1935," he wrote, "it
was only a specially successful effort to spread national socialism widely
in England that could avert the tragedy which has come to pass."
He broke with Mosley in 1937 "over organizational matters," and formed
a movement of his own. To the Jews and financiers he laid most of
England’s troubles. British patriotism, he said, ever neglected the
English poor. Two times in the year before the war he was arrested and
later acquitted of charges of disturbing the peace and assault.
Then, as the country moved toward war, he prepared to leave.
He felt that if "for perfect reasons of conscience I could not fight for
her (England), I must give her up for ever."
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Washington Evening Star, 03-January-1946 |
Lord Haw Haw Hanged
As $60-a-Week Voice
On Nazi Broadcasts
Joyce Goes to Traitor's
Death on Same Gallows
Where Amery Died
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Jan. 3. -- William Joyce, notorious "Lord Haw Haw" of the German air waves,
died a traitor’s death this morning on the gallows of Wandsworth Prison.
The 40-year-old American-born Joyce, who sold his voice to Adolf Hitler as a radio
propagandist at the outset of the war, was executed shortly after 9 a.m. (4 a.m., EST)
on high treason charges of which he was convicted by a British court last September 19.
He died on the same scaffold where John Amery, 33-year-old son of a former British cabinet
member, was hanged December 19 on treason charges growing out of similar radio activities.
Only a small group of prison officials saw Joyce plunge through the trap. Under English law, no
spectators may witness an execution.
Execution of the death sentence was announced in two typewritten sheets which were posted outside
the prison gates shortly after the hanging.
Prison officials said Joyce walked to the gallows from his death cell, his arms pinioned behind him with
the broad black strap used in countless executions. The trap was sprung by I. Pierrepoint, nephew of
Albert Pierrepoint, famed hangman who executed Amery.
End of Fantastic Career.Joyce’s death in the stone-walled prison courtyard ended a fantastic career which led him from Fascist
street fights in England to an infamous place as Hitler’s No. 1 English-language broadcaster.
Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels paid Joyce $60 a week for his radio work, which consisted of
four daily broadcasts.
Joyce, who came to England from America at 15, became a follower of Sir Oswald Mosley while a student
at London University and was a member of his British Fascist group until 1933, when the two parted amid
rumors of a quarrel. Later Joyce organized a "National Socialist League" in Britain, which he headed
until he departed for Germany in August, 1939.
He fell into British hands at Lueneberg
(Luneberg -- JT) on May 28, 1945, after Germany's collapse. He was wounded
slightly during his capture. His German wife also fell into British hands and was brought to England
to visit him while he was awaiting trial.
Joyce based his unsuccessful defense largely on the contention that
he was an American citizen and hence could not be found guilty of
treason to Britain. An appeal on the same grounds was denied by the
House of Lords, which ruled that even an alien could be convicted of
treason if he had enjoyed the protection of the King.
He lost his last hope of escaping the death penalty Monday when
Home Secretary Henry Chuter Ede
(James Chuter Ede -- JT) refused him a reprieve.
A crowd of about 250 persons waited outside the prison gates for
the announcement of Joyce's execution, which was posted at 9:07 a m.
There was no demonstration as the chilled watchers surged forward
to read the proclamation.